Biofertilizers
The major product made by biogas installation, is a biofertilizer – a slime remaining after full fermentation of initial raw material. It has no smell, does not contain harmful microorganisms and eggs of helminths.
The slime can be divided on two fractions: liquid and firm. Both that and another are fertilizer. The firm fraction is more convenient for packing up, storing and transporting. That is, division of a slime into fractions is meaningful, at great volumes and sales to remote customers.
Before utilization biofertilizing is planted with water at 20-60 with times. Norms of utilization of 500-1000 litres of undiluted fertilizing on hectare. From one cubic metre of volume of a reactor a day 40 litres of fertilizings turn out. It means, that from the smallest installation with a reactor 3 cubic metre from October till March will accumulate 7200 litres fertilizings which should be stored somewhere. They will suffice for fertilizing 7 – 15 hectares. Therefore the basic problem with biofertilizings is their storage and selling in the winter.
If to divide biofertilizings on two fractions the firm fraction will not occupy great volume, it can be stored and packed in process of selling. To organize selling for fluid fraction is more complex, greater expenses for transportation.
Is better, when there is own all-the-year-round requirement for fertilizings, for example, own glasshouses, fields. In that case economic benefit of application of biogas installation will be maximal.
The market of biofertilizings in Ukraine was not generated yet but if to start with world experience and cost of equivalent artificial fertilizers one ton or 1000 litres of undiluted fertilizing should cost nearby 130 USD.
Simple scoring shows, that the minimal installation with a reactor in 3 cubic meters for a year on fertilizings can be repaid up to 5700 USD, that with a store covers its cost.
Such minimal installation is capable for a year to provide with fertilizings of cultivated land of 40-80 hectares with the minimal increase yield of 20 %. At cultivation, for example, wheat, in view of the minimal purchase value and norms of a fertilization, the additional profit at the minimal increase yield will make nearby 6000 USD, that too pays back biogas installation with a store. At cultivation of more expensive cultures, the profit can be increased in times.
Natural biofertilizings have one very beneficial propert: they level acid-base balance of soil, promote a smaller attrition. Biofertilizings keep in soil is better and for a year are washed away all on 15 % whereas ordinary organic fertilizers are washed away on 80 %. Unlike artificial fertilizers which are acquired all on 35-50 %, biofertilizings are acquired almost completely. Not acquired artificial fertilizers are postponed in soil and products in the form of nitrates which then get in an organism of the person and negatively influence his health. Biofertilizings do not increase the content of nitrates in products and soil, supporting thus high productivity.
All production which has been grown up with utilization of biofertilizings is pollution-free. Especially actually it at utilization of biofertilizings in glasshouses.